Benchmarking Climate-Carbon Model Simulations against Forest FACE Data

نویسنده

  • Andrew J. Pinsonneault
چکیده

Terrestrial carbon fluxes are an important factor in regulating concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). In this study, we use a coupled climate model with interactive biogeochemistry to benchmark the simulation of net primary productivity (NPP) and its response to elevated atmospheric CO2. Short-term field experiments such as Free-Air Carbon Dioxide Enrichment (FACE) studies have examined this phenomenon but it is difficult to infer trends from only a few years of field data. Here, we employ the University of Victoria’s Earth System Climate Model (UVic ESCM) version 2.8 to compare simulated changes in NPP due to an elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration of 550 ppm to observed increases in NPP of 23% ±2% from four temperate forest FACE studies between 1997 and 2002. We further compare two scenarios: elevated CO2 with climate change, and elevated CO2 without climate change, the latter being consistent with FACE methodology. In the climate change scenario global terrestrial and forest-only NPP increased by 24.5% and 27.9%, respectively, while these increases were 21.0% and 17.2%, respectively, in the latitude band most representative of the location of the FACE studies. In the scenario without climate change, terrestrial and forest-only NPP increased instead by 28.3% and 30.6%, respectively, while these increases were 24.3% and 14.4%, respectively, in the FACE latitudes. This suggests that the model may underestimate temperate forest NPP increases when compared to results from temperate forest FACE studies and highlights the need for both increased experimental study of other forest biomes and further model development. RÉSUMÉ [Traduit par la rédaction] Les flux de carbone terrestres sont un facteur important dans la régulation des concentrations de dioxyde de carbone (CO2) atmosphérique. Dans cette étude, nous utilisons un modèle climatique couplé et une biogéochimie interactive pour mettre au banc d’essai la simulation de la productivité primaire nette (PPN) et sa réponse à une concentration élevée de CO2 atmosphérique. Diverses expériences à court terme sur le terrain, comme le projet FACE (Free-Air Carbon Dioxide Enrichment), se sont penchées sur ce phénomène, mais il est difficile de dégager des tendances avec seulement quelques années de données de terrain. Ici, nous employons la version 2.8 du modèle climatique du système terrestre de l’Université de Victoria (UVic ESCM) pour comparer les changements simulés dans la PPN résultant d’une concentration de CO2 atmosphérique élevée de 550 ppm aux accroissements observés de PPN de 23 ± 2 % d’après quatre études FACE sur la forêt tempérée menées entre 1997 et 2002. Nous comparons, en outre, deux scénarios : CO2 élevé avec changement climatique et CO2 élevé sans changement climatique, ce dernier correspondant à la méthodologie FACE. Dans le scénario avec changement climatique, la PPN de la terre entière et celle de la forêt seulement se sont accrues de 24,5 % et 27,9 %, respectivement, alors que les accroissements étaient de 21,0 % et 17,2 %, respectivement, dans la bande de latitudes la plus représentative du lieu où le projet FACE s’est déroulé. Dans le scénario sans changement climatique, la PPN de la terre et celle de la forêt seulement se sont plutôt accrues de 28,3 % et 30,6 %, respectivement, alors que les accroissements étaient de 24,3 % et 14,4 %, respectivement, dans les latitudes FACE. Cela donne à penser que le modèle sous-estime peut-être les accroissements de PPN de la forêt tempérée comparativement aux résultats du projet FACE sur la forêt tempérée et met en évidence le besoin de poursuivre les études expérimentales sur d’autres biomes forestiers et de développer davantage les modèles.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

The contributions of land-use change, CO2 fertilization, and climate variability to the Eastern US carbon sink

Atmospheric measurements and land-based inventories imply that terrestrial ecosystems in the northern hemisphere are taking up significant amounts of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions; however, there is considerable disagreement about the causes of this uptake, and its expected future trajectory. In this paper, we use the ecosystem demography (ED) model to quantify the contributions ...

متن کامل

The contributions of land-use change, CO2 fertilization, and climate variability to the Eastern US carbon sink

Atmospheric measurements and land-based inventories imply that terrestrial ecosystems in the northern hemisphere are taking up significant amounts of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions; however, there is considerable disagreement about the causes of this uptake, and its expected future trajectory. In this paper, we use the ecosystem demography (ED) model to quantify the contributions ...

متن کامل

Alteration of forest succession and carbon cycling under elevated CO2.

Regenerating forests influence the global carbon (C) cycle, and understanding how climate change will affect patterns of regeneration and C storage is necessary to predict the rate of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2 ) increase in future decades. While experimental elevation of CO2 has revealed that young forests respond with increased productivity, there remains considerable uncertainty as to h...

متن کامل

Benchmarking historical CMIP5 plant functional types across the Upper Midwest and Northeastern United States

Centennial-scale climate-ecosystem feedbacks are a major source of predictive uncertainty for land-atmosphere fluxes of energy, carbon, and water. Accurate representations of plant functional type (PFT) distributions through time and space are required for modeling centennial-scale feedbacks within Earth system models (ESMs). We tested the ability of ESMs from the Coupled Model Intercomparison ...

متن کامل

The role of ecosystem-atmosphere interactions in simulated Amazonian precipitation decrease and forest dieback under global climate warming

A suite of simulations with the HadCM3LC coupled climate-carbon cycle model is used to examine the various forcings and feedbacks involved in the simulated precipitation decrease and forest dieback. Rising atmospheric CO2 is found to contribute 20% to the precipitation reduction through the physiological forcing of stomatal closure, with 80% of the reduction being seen when stomatal closure was...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره   شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2011